Rangeland Energy has agreed to sell Rangeland Midstream Canada to Kingston Midstream Alberta and remains committed to future Canadian midstream investments. Texas-based Rangeland Energy, supported by financial partner EnCap Flatrock Midstream, has inked a deal to sell its Canadian subsidiary, Rangeland Midstream Canada Ltd., to Calgary's Kingston Midstream Alberta Ltd. for cash.

The merger between ONEOK and Magellan received approval from Magellan shareholders, securing just 55% of the total votes at Magellan’s meeting on Sept. 21. ONEOK Inc. has successfully concluded the acquisition of Magellan Midstream Partners LP on Sept. 25. The deal will bring together their respective assets and expertise, resulting in a powerful entity boasting an extensive network of approximately 25,000 miles of pipelines primarily focused on transporting liquids.

Viper Energy's deal, comprised of cash and equity, secures an additional 2,800 net royalty acres in the Midland Basin and 1,800 in the Delaware Basin. Viper Energy Partners LP, a Diamondback Energy Inc. subsidiary, has inked a deal to acquire mineral and royalty interests in the Permian Basin. The deal, valued at around $1 billion, is with Warwick Capital Partners and GRP Energy Capital. Viper was established by Diamondback with the purpose of owning, purchasing, and capitalizing on oil and natural gas assets in North America, specifically targeting mineral and royalty interests.

Western Midstream will acquire Meritage Midstream's Powder River Basin assets, including gas gathering and an NGL pipeline, for $885 million in cash. A subsidiary of Western Midstream Partners LP is set to acquire Meritage Midstream Services II LLC in an $885 million all-cash transaction, marking a significant expansion in the Powder River Basin for the company.

Tivoli Services finalized the purchase of the NTX pipeline system from Phillips 66, backed by a long-term transportation services agreement. Tivoli Services LLC, a branch of Tivoli Midstream LLC, completed the purchase of the NTX oil pipeline system in the Barnett Shale from Phillips 66 affiliates, according to press release by Tivoli Midstream. The financial terms remain undisclosed.

AltaGas announced plans to acquire Tidewater's Phase 1 and II expansions of the Pipestone Natural Gas Processing Plant, a truck terminal, and related pipelines. Recently AltaGas Ltd. revealed that it had finalized a deal with Tidewater Midstream and Infrastructure Ltd. to purchase an array of midstream assets, storage solutions, and terminals for a sum of CA$650 million (approximately US$480 million).

Energy Transfer's unit prices have surged over 13% this year, bolstered by two significant acquisitions. The company spent nearly $1.5 billion on acquiring Lotus Midstream, a deal that will instantly boost its free and distributable cash flow. A recently inked $7.1 billion deal to acquire Crestwood Equity Partners is also set to immediately enhance the company's distributable cash flow per unit. Energy Transfer aims to unlock commercial opportunities and refinance Crestwood's debt, amplifying the deal's value proposition. These strategic acquisitions provide the company additional avenues for expanding its distribution, which already offers a strong yield of 9.2%. Energized by both organic growth and its midstream consolidation efforts, Energy Transfer aims to uplift its payout by 3% to 5% annually.

EQT disbursed roughly $2.4 billion in cash and issued 49.6 million shares of its common stock to acquire the Tug Hill and XcL Midstream assets. On August 22, EQT Corp. announced the completion of its long-delayed acquisition of XcL Midstream, following extensive Federal Trade Commission (FTC) reviews. The final purchase, post-price adjustments, consisted of about $2.4 billion in cash and 49.6 million EQT common shares. The cash component was financed through a $1.25 billion term loan, $1 billion from existing cash reserves, and a previously escrowed $150 million deposit.

Prairie Operating Co. buys 20K+ acres in Weld County, CO, expanding its footprint in the core of the Denver-Julesburg Basin. The evaluation report reveals that the land has more to offer beyond the initial findings and that hundreds of additional locations are viable for drilling in the future beyond an initial five-year program. On August 21, Prairie Operating disclosed findings from an external, independent assessment focused on its inactive holdings in Weld County.

Permian Resources to buy Earthstone Energy for $4.5B, focusing on Delaware Basin. Earthstone's Midland Basin assets may be up for sale. “This is a Delaware Basin company. That’s how we think about the focus going forward,” Permian Resources co-CEO James Walter said.

OneRock acquired Northwoods Management’s assets in Wyoming's Powder River Basin, average production of approximately 5,000 barrels of oil equivalent per day.

Energy Transfer is taking on $3 billion of Crestwood's debt in a stock deal. This move expands their reach in the Williston and Delaware basins and gets them into the Powder River Basin for the first time.

According to Globaldata, 196,130km of planned and announced trunk oil and gas pipelines are anticipated to become operational globally between 2023 and 2030. This consists of 113,099km of planned pipelines that have identified development plans, and 83,031km of early-stage announced pipelines currently under conceptual study, expected to receive development approval. Based on Global Energy Monitor's 2023 data, Africa and the Middle East account for 49% of the global oil transmission pipeline construction, valued at US$25.3 billion. The report indicates these regions are currently constructing 4,400 km of pipelines with an investment of US$14.4 billion. There are plans for an additional 10,800 km at an approximate cost of US$59.8 billion.

Earthstone Energy is selling Eagle Ford locations to concentrate on the Permian Basin, streamlining its exploration and production focus. Earthstone Energy Inc., based in The Woodlands, Texas, is putting an Eagle Ford asset on the market as the company focuses on divesting non-core properties and directing investment towards the Permian Basin. The assets that Earthstone is planning to sell include production and land in northeast Karnes County, Texas, as well as in southern Gonzales County, Texas, as outlined in the marketing documents. For the sales process, Earthstone has engaged Opportune Partners LLC to serve as its exclusive financial adviser.

WhiteHawk Energy LLC completed its second Haynesville Shale mineral and royalty acquisition of the year, spanning northwestern Louisiana and eastern Texas. WhiteHawk also secured a $100 million acquisition finance facility from an undisclosed "top tier institution." The company will utilize $20 million from this facility to fund the Haynesville purchase from Mesa Minerals Partners II LLC

Chevron Corp. has finalized the acquisition of PDC Energy Inc.'s land holdings in the Denver-Julesburg and Permian basins. Chevron Corporation (CVX) has announced its intention to acquire PDC Energy, Inc. (PDCE) in an all-stock deal valued at $6.3 billion. Under the agreement terms, PDC stockholders will receive 0.4638 Chevron shares for each PDCE share, bringing the total enterprise value to $7.6 billion, inclusive of debt. The acquisition is seen as a strategic step to enhance Chevron's position in vital U.S. production basins, unlocking new opportunities and potentially driving higher returns. As part of the agreement, Chevron will issue around 41 million shares of common stock at the deal's closure. Both Chevron's and PDC Energy's boards of directors have unanimously approved the acquisition.

SM Energy acquired 20,000 net acres in Dawson and north Martin counties in Texas, completing the transaction in cash. SM Energy Co., based in Denver, intends to expand on its success from the second quarter by increasing its drilling and completion activities in the coming quarter. This plan also includes preparations to develop the newly acquired land in the Midland basin. In June, the company's president and CEO, Herb Vogel, along with his team, raised their target for total oil and gas production for the second quarter to 13.9 MMboe, up from 13.4 MMboe. They exceeded this target, reaching nearly 14.1 MMboe, with oil making up 42% of that figure. During the quarter, SM Energy drilled 17 wells, with 12 located in South Texas and five in the Midland basin. They also completed 25 wells, 17 of which were in the Midland basin.

Kimbell Royalty Partners' acquisition adds land in Delaware & Midland basins, enhancing its lead in production, active rigs, DUCs, permits & undrilled inventory. Kimbell Royalty Partners LP has recently announced a landmark deal, the largest in its history, to expand its foothold in the oil and gas industry. The company has agreed to purchase Permian Basin and Midcontinent assets for a staggering $455 million in cash from a private seller.

Diamondback Energy sold more midstream assets in Q2 as part of a $1B plan to shed non-core assets, reducing debt in the Permian Basin. In July, Texas-based Diamondback Energy Inc. sold a 43% stake in the OMOG crude oil system, revealing this in its Q2 earnings on July 31. OMOG JV LLC, running 400 miles of pipelines and 350,000 bbl of storage in Midland, Martin, Andrews, and Ector counties, was detailed in Diamondback's filings. The sale provided $225 million in gross proceeds. Diamondback has announced or completed $1.1 billion in non-core asset sales since initiating the program. Initially aimed at raising $500 million, the 2023 target was increased to $1 billion.

Murphy Oil has entered into a purchase and sale agreement to sell a section of its Kaybob Duvernay assets and entire Placid Montney assets. A subsidiary of Murphy Oil Corp. has entered into an agreement to sell a "non-core segment" of its operated Kaybob Duvernay assets and its entire non-operated Placid Montney assets to a private company, as stated in the company's earnings report released on August 3rd. The transaction is set to take effect from March 1, 2023, and the closing is expected to be finalized in the third quarter of the same year.

Calgary-based pipeline operator TC Energy is selling a 40% stake in its natural gas pipeline systems for $3.9 billion as part of its efforts to reduce debt. TC Energy Corporation (TRP) has agreed to sell a 40% stake in its Columbia Gas Transmission and Columbia Gulf Transmission systems to Global Infrastructure Partners (GIP). This move will help TC Energy reduce its debt and establish a valuable long-term partnership with GIP, a prominent infrastructure investor.

ExxonMobil's joined assets speed up their Low Carbon Solutions business, offering better decarbonization options for customers. ExxonMobil's top CCS network supports their commitment to low carbon value chains, like hydrogen and biofuels. The transaction synergies will cut over 100 MTA of emissions, leading to strong growth and returns. Exxon Mobil Corporation revealed that it will acquire Denbury Inc., a company specializing in carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCS) solutions and enhanced oil recovery. $4.9 billion deal will be completed through an all-stock transaction. Darren Woods, Chairman and CEO said “Acquiring Denbury reflects our determination to profitably grow our Low Carbon Solutions business by serving a range of hard-to-decarbonize industries with a comprehensive carbon capture and sequestration offering”.

One of Warren Buffett's Berkshire Hathaway subsidiaries is set to raise its ownership in the Cove Point liquefied natural gas (LNG) export terminal located in Maryland. This comes after the company signed a substantial $3.3 billion agreement with Dominion Energy. Under the agreement, Dominion Energy has agreed to sell its 50 percent noncontrolling limited partner interest in Cove Point LNG to Berkshire Hathaway Energy. Berkshire Hathaway Energy is the current operator of the facility and already holds a 100 percent general partner interest and a 25 percent limited partner interest.

Vital Energy’s deal adds 24,000 net acres and 100 gross drilling locations in Texas, growing its Permian Basin footprint to around 198,000 net acres. Vital Energy is revising its projections for oil and gas production and capital spending upward following the successful acquisition of a substantial area in the Permian Basin. The company has gained around 24,000 net acres and 100 gross drilling locations in Texas. As a result of this deal, Vital Energy is now increasing its full-year production and capital spending guidance.

Civitas Resources Expands into Denver-Julesburg Basin through $4.7B Cash and Stock Deals for NGP's Tap Rock and Hibernia. Civitas Resources has recently secured two definitive agreements to expand its presence in the Permian Basin's Midland and Delaware basins. The company will achieve this expansion through the acquisition of two private exploration and production companies, namely Hibernia Energy III LLC and Tap Rock Resources LLC. The total value of the deal, paid in both cash and stock, amounts to $4.7 billion. Both Hibernia Energy III LLC and Tap Rock Resources LLC are supported by NGP Energy Capital Management LLC. These acquisitions reflect the increasing demand for oil and gas reserves in the Permian Basin, with companies specializing in the region actively seeking new opportunities. Currently, Civitas Resources' primary production operations are focused in the Denver-Julesburg Basin (D-J Basin).

The midstream sector plays a vital role in the oil and gas supply chain, serving as a crucial link. As the energy transition continues, this industry, like the broader sector, encounters various risks. Yet, existing analyses have predominantly concentrated on the risks faced by the upstream and downstream sectors, leaving the fate of the midstream relatively unexplored. In a nutshell, midstream operators differentiate themselves by offering services instead of products, resulting in potentially distinct revenue models compared to extraction and refining businesses. However, they are not immune to the long-term risks associated with the energy transition away from oil and gas. Over time, companies involved in transporting and storing hydrocarbons face the possibility of encountering a combination of reduced volumes, heightened costs, and declining prices.

According to Reuters, Chevron has recently made additional assets available for acquisition in both New Mexico and Texas. As part of its strategy to streamline operations following significant shale acquisitions, Chevron is reportedly offering multiple oil and gas properties for sale in New Mexico and Texas. Marketing documents reviewed by Reuters reveal the company's intention to divest these assets. Despite its prominent position as the largest publicly-traded oil and gas producer and property owner with 2.2 million acres in the Permian Basin of West Texas and New Mexico, Chevron has been actively divesting properties in the region. This divestment aligns with Chevron's efforts to optimize its portfolio and focus on its core operations.

In the ever-evolving energy landscape, staying informed about the global natural gas market is crucial for energy professionals. As CXO-level energy company officials, petroleum engineers, and business development professionals, it is vital to have a thorough understanding of the structure, economics, and historical context of global natural gas supply and demand. This article aims to provide an in-depth overview of the global natural gas market in the first quarter of 2023, exploring its supply and demand dynamics, historical development, and industry trends. This comprehensive analysis incorporates factual data on oil and gas production, costs, prices, volumes, and job market figures, providing professionals with valuable insights for strategic decision-making.

Skye MS LLC purchased a package deal from Black Bear, which included over 120 miles of natural gas pipelines and eight active metered locations. Black Bear Transmission LLC, based in Houston, successfully finalized the sale of gas gathering assets owned by BBT Mississippi LLC (BBT MS) to Skye MS LLC of Columbia, Mississippi. The specific amount of the transaction remains undisclosed. BBT MS is the proud owner and operator of a fee-based, natural gas transmission system that efficiently supplies gas to utility, industrial, and power generation customers. It facilitates the connection of wellhead production in Mississippi to regional long-haul pipelines.

Chord Energy Corp.'s subsidiary has entered into an agreement to purchase assets in the Williston Basin from Exxon Mobil, and its affiliates for $375 million. Chord Energy, a US independent company, is strategically expanding its presence in the Williston Basin of Montana and the Dakotas. While industry attention remains fixated on the Permian Basin, Chord Energy recognizes the potential of the Williston Basin and is capitalizing on the opportunity to enhance its reserve portfolio. Chord Energy successfully completed the acquisition of 62,000 acres in the Williston Basin from XTO Energy for a substantial cash consideration of $375 million.

Big announcement! Crescent Energy is set to bolster its inventory in the play by acquiring operated and working interests from Mesquite Energy. Crescent Energy Co. seals a $600 million cash deal to acquire assets in the Eagle Ford Shale from Mesquite Energy Inc. (formerly Sanchez Energy).

In May, ONEOK (OKE) made an announcement regarding its acquisition of Magellan Midstream Partners LP (MMP) for a total value of $18.8 billion, which includes cash and stocks. This move drew attention as it positions ONEOK, primarily known for its involvement in the provision, gathering, and processing of Natural Gas (NG), to become one of the largest pipeline companies in the United States. The acquisition also allows ONEOK to expand its services by including Oil (CL), another significant energy commodity.

Diamondback Energy is on a roll! In the first quarter, they made impressive strides towards their goal of divesting $1 billion in non-core assets by year-end. They successfully sold their upstream and midstream assets, marking a significant achievement.

Global oil supply and demand saw notable changes in April 2023. Liquids demand declined by 0.7 MMb/d to 99.9 MMb/d, with gains in China and Europe offset by reduced demand in Japan and the Middle East. OPEC 10 production remained stable at 29.5 MMb/d, while Saudi Arabia increased output by 0.3 MMb/d. Non-OPEC production declined slightly, Russian production dropped further, and US shale production remained steady. Combined production in Iran, Venezuela, and Libya remained unchanged. Commercial inventories increased, and OPEC+ implemented production cuts. Economic sentiment remains uncertain amid rising global inflation.

ONEOK Inc. and Magellan Midstream Partners LP have announced a merger agreement that will result in the formation of a formidable midstream company headquartered in Tulsa, Oklahoma. The deal will bring together their respective assets and expertise, resulting in a powerful entity boasting an extensive network of approximately 25,000 miles of pipelines primarily focused on transporting liquids.

Callon is set to purchase Percussion Petroleum's Delaware assets for $475 million while selling its Eagle Ford assets to Ridgemar for $655 million. In a strategic step to optimize its operations, Callon Petroleum recently made headlines by sealing two deals on May 3, totaling a staggering $1.13 billion. The company is taking confident steps to bolster its presence in the Delaware Basin while bidding farewell to its stake in the Eagle Ford Shale.

Permian Resources bolsters dominance in the Delaware Basin with strategic land acquisitions, expanding its portfolio by over 5,000 net leasehold acres and 3,000 royalty acres. In a stunning display of growth and strategic maneuvering, Permian Resources Corp., based in Midland, Texas, has made waves in the first quarter by securing a series of deals worth over $200 million in the highly sought-after Delaware Basin. This move solidifies their position as a player in the region.

The Williston Basin, which spans parts of North Dakota, Montana, Saskatchewan, and Manitoba, is a major oil-producing region in North America. In order to transport crude oil and natural gas from the wells to refineries and other destinations, a vast pipeline infrastructure has been built in the area. The pipeline infrastructure in the Williston Basin consists of a network of pipelines that connect production sites to processing facilities, storage tanks, and major pipeline hubs

Matador Resources Co. is making a big move in the oil and gas industry by acquiring Advance Energy Partners Holdings LLC, a major player in the northern Delaware Basin. The acquisition, which comes with a hefty price tag of at least $1.6 billion in cash, includes valuable assets in Lea County, N.M., and Ward County, Texas, as well as key midstream infrastructure.

Geologically, the Denver-Julesburg (DJ) Basin is a large structural basin with a complex history of sedimentary deposition, tectonic activity, and hydrocarbon generation. The basin covers approximately 20,000 square miles and extends into parts of Colorado, Wyoming, Nebraska, and Kansas. It is primarily composed of several stacked formations, including the Niobrara, Codell, and Greenhorn formations, which contain significant amounts of oil and gas reserves.

Following the success of FireBird Energy's $1.75 billion sale to Diamondback last year, the emergence of FireBird II signals a new chapter in the Permian Basin. Get ready for some exciting news from the energy industry. FireBird Energy II, the new player in the Permian Basin, has just secured $500 million in equity funding to fuel their acquisitions. With backing from the esteemed private equity firm Quantum Energy Partners, FireBird Energy II is poised to make waves in the industry.

Ovintiv Strikes Billion-Dollar Oil Deal, Doubling Production in Permian Basin with EnCap's Black Swan, PetroLegacy, and Piedra Resources. The deal, which was approved unanimously by Ovintiv's board, is slated to close on June 30. With over $5 billion in transactions announced on April 3, Ovintiv is set to expand its oil production by snatching up 65,000 net acres in the core of the Midland Basin. The deal with EnCap will give them a strategic edge in Martin and Andrews counties, Texas, with approximately 1,050 net, 10,000-ft well locations added to their inventory.

The Appalachian oil and gas basin is a geological formation that spans several states in the eastern United States, including Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Ohio, and New York. It is one of the largest natural gas reserves in the world, with estimates of recoverable natural gas exceeding 141 trillion cubic feet. The Marcellus Shale formation was formed over 350 million years ago and is composed of sedimentary rocks. Initially, the Marcellus Shale was not considered a significant source of natural gas due to the low permeability of the rock, which made it difficult for gas to flow through it and be extracted. However, with the development of hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling technologies in the early 2000s, it became economically viable to extract natural gas from the Marcellus Shale, and it has since become a major source of natural gas production in the United States.

In a big move for Riley Permian, the company has just closed a deal to acquire top-of-the-line oil and gas assets in the heart of New Mexico. The acquisition, which was made in February, saw Riley Permian snapping up these highly sought-after resources from none other than Pecos Oil & Gas LLC for $330 million.

Energy Transfer's recent acquisition of Lotus Midstream's infrastructure for $1.45 billion is a remarkable feat that is bound to shake up the energy industry. This strategic move grants Energy Transfer access to the highly prized Centurion Pipeline, as well as an additional 3,000 miles of crude gathering and transportation pipelines. These pipelines span across the vast Permian Basin of West Texas, stretching all the way from New Mexico and culminating at the bustling energy hub of Cushing, Oklahoma.

Baytex Energy Group has announced that it will acquire Eagle Ford exploration and production company, Ranger Oil, for approximately $2.5 billion in cash and stock, which includes taking over the company's existing debt. Upon the successful closure of the acquisition, Baytex will have a controlling stake of approximately 63% in the newly merged company, leaving Ranger shareholders with around 37%. This significant move is in line with a trend of substantial mergers and acquisitions in the Eagle Ford area, with Marathon Oil, Devon Energy, and Chesapeake Energy among the companies involved in recent transactions.

Harvest Midstream, a Hilcorp affiliate, is set to acquire three midstream gathering systems that serve the Bakken, as well as system located in the Eagle Ford. Harvest, an affiliate of Hilcorp Energy Corp, has entered into an agreement to purchase three Bakken midstream gathering systems and one in the Eagle Ford from Paradigm. Paradigm is set to sell these midstream assets to Harvest in the near future.

The Haynesville oil and gas basin is a significant shale gas-producing region located primarily in northwest Louisiana and eastern Texas in the United Statesб with some estimates suggesting it could contain up to 500 trillion cubic feet of recoverable natural gas.

Baytex Energy, a Canadian oil and gas company, has announced its acquisition of Ranger Oil, an Eagle Ford operator based in Texas, in a deal worth $150 million. The acquisition will accelerate Baytex's shareholder returns and introduce a dividend with enhanced free cash flow.

Enbridge acquired Tres Palacios natural gas storage facility in Texas for $335 million, adding approximately 35 Bcf of natural gas storage to their portfolio. The facility uses salt caverns for storage and has a gas header pipeline system that spans 62 miles and links to 11 major gas pipelines. Crestwood Equity Partners LP intends to divest its interests in Tres Palacios by the second quarter.

The U.S. natural gas pipeline network is a complex system of pipelines that transport natural gas from production areas to consumers across the country. The pipeline network consists of three main types of pipelines: gathering pipelines, transmission pipelines, and distribution pipelines. Gathering pipelines are small-diameter pipelines that transport natural gas from production wells to processing facilities or larger transmission pipelines. Transmission pipelines are large-diameter pipelines that transport natural gas over long distances, sometimes across multiple states. Distribution pipelines operate at low pressure and are located in or near urban areas. They are often referred to as "utility pipelines" because they are typically owned and operated by local gas utility companies.

Diamondback Energy, an independent oil and gas company, has successfully completed the acquisition of Lario Permian, marking the closure of two major deals in the fourth quarter of 2022. The company purchased two private operators in the Midland Basin for approximately $3.3 billion.

Chesapeake Energy Corp. has announced that it will receive $1.4 billion from INEOS Energy for the sale of its remaining Eagle Ford asset, just a month after selling its Brazos Valley assets for a similar amount. This brings the total value of Chesapeake's Eagle Ford assets to over $2.82 billion. The Oklahoma City-based company will continue to market its other Eagle Ford assets.

Oklahoma City-based Riley Exploration Permian Inc. is extending its presence in New Mexico through the acquisition of oil and gas assets from Pecos Oil & Gas LLC, valued at $330 million in cash, according to the company's announcement on February 28.

Vital Energy Inc. has made a significant acquisition, purchasing 11,200 net acres in Upton and Reagan counties, Texas. The deal, which involved a combination of cash and stock, was worth almost $214 million. This move comes shortly after the company's rebranding from Laredo Petroleum just one month ago.

The Permian Basin is one of the most important oil and gas basins in the world, located in western Texas and southeastern New Mexico in the United States. Oil drilling and production in the Permian Basin began in the early 1920s. The first significant discovery in the region was made in 1923 in the Westbrook field in Mitchell County, Texas. This discovery led to a boom in oil exploration and production in the area. By the 1930s, the Permian Basin had become one of the major oil-producing regions in the United States, and it continued to grow in importance throughout the 20th century.

To effectively manage ESG issues in O&G companies, a comprehensive approach is required, addressing multiple managerial issues. First, ESG considerations must be integrated into the corporate strategy, setting goals that align with business objectives, reflected in budgeting, capital allocation, and risk management. Accurate and efficient collection, management, and reporting of ESG data is necessary for identifying relevant metrics and indicators, such as greenhouse gas emissions, water consumption, and social impact indicators.

ESG considerations are becoming increasingly essential for companies operating in the upstream sector. Failure to address ESG concerns may result in financial and reputational risks, given the growing focus from investors, regulators, and other stakeholders. Companies must prioritize ESG performance and engage with stakeholders to address concerns and mitigate risks. By doing so, they can improve their reputation, attract investment, and contribute to a more sustainable future

On January 24 Independent E&P Arena Energy LLC acquired Cox Operating LLC's interests in the Eugene Island 330 and South Marsh 128 oil blocks. Cox Operating, based in Dallas, Texas, includes interests to Arena's existing ownership interest in the Gulf of Mexico fields, which it purchased from GOM Shelf LLC.

“Our view is in 2023 M&A picks up. There was some this 2022 year, but again, it was such a funky, weird macro world. We expect fewer surprises in 2023.” — Dan Pickering, Pickering Energy Partners. Modern companies in the world operate in a rapidly changing external environment, so the process of reorganization is one of the basic tools for solving the problem of adapting companies to new conditions. Recently, the number of Acquisitions and Divestitures in the oil and gas industry has been growing rapidly, i.e. it can be said that the market for these deals is dynamically developing.

On January 24, Matador spread the word that it will add oil- and gas-producing assets in Lea County, N.M., and Ward County, Texas, and some midstream infrastructure. Most of the acreage is strategically situated in Matador’s Ranger asset area in Lea County. The bolt-on includes about 18,500 net acres, 99% held by production, in the core of northern Delaware. The deal would also extend Matador’s inventory by 406 gross (203 net) drillable horizontal locations with prospective targets in the Wolfcamp, Bone Spring, and Avalon formations.

Canadian pipeline operator Pembina Pipeline Corp.'s joint venture with KKR & Co. is selling for C$662.5 million ($484.89 million) its 50% stake in the Key Access Pipeline System to private equity firm Stonepeak Partners. The agreement allows Stonepeak to maintain a pipeline system that conveys NGL to processing facilities for export to Asia, a market with a raising appetite for North American LNG as it refuses to use coal and as the decrease in Russian exports leaves a void in global supply.

More than 60% of all A&D deals by value are in US oil and gas companies. Despite their leading market position, U.S. fields are developing unevenly, and investors are quite cautious about investing in them at this stage. The top 5 oil & gas industry A&D deals in 2022 were concluded by Omega Acquisition, Tokyo Gas, Diamondback Energy, Suncor Energy, and IMM Private Equity. The main motives of oil and gas companies to carry out A&D transactions can be considered the achievement of the synergy effect, and the presence of fundamental shocks in the market.

Most companies have plans in place to identify and manage the normal operational risks of enterprise asset management (EAM). But, it is equally important to consider the potential emergence of ESG risks that a company may face. While predicting events such as hurricanes, pandemics, and regulatory violations is difficult, preparing for or mitigating the impact can avoid potentially devastating effects on an asset-rich organization, as well as its employees and shareholders. As a reminder, ESG investing looks at three elements: environmental (E), social (S), and governance (G) issues, with stakeholders looking not only at the financial parameters of a transaction but also the non-financial parameters. For example, oil and gas companies should develop plans to restore power lines or pipelines after an earthquake or other natural disaster. These plans should describe procedures for how employees will access remote sites, which assets will be prioritized, what additional equipment will be needed, and how it will be obtained.

BP acquired renewable natural gas (RNG) provider Archaea Energy Inc. for $4.1 billion on December 28, marking a milestone in the growth of BP’s strategic bioenergy business. The acquisition, announced in October, was finalized following BP’s completion of regulatory requirements and Archaea obtaining shareholder approval.

The oil and gas industry has long relied on the recommendations of trusted experts to make key supply chain decisions. The growing popularity of Blockchain technology could significantly disrupt these relationships by providing an unbiased methodology for sourcing, tracking, and executing transactions on behalf of customers with transparent data sets across supply chain endpoints. Blockchain technology has already been used by many global companies in the last two years in various areas such as IoT (Internet of Things), smart contracts, and cryptocurrencies. It has enabled businesses to benefit from the inherent trust and transparency of the technology.

3D Modeling helps to optimize oil and gas exploration and production, and evaluate the potential of energy sources. Companies CGG, ESA, Schneider Digital, and Continental Resources have been pioneering in 3D visualization for the O&G industry in 2022.

In order to sell its part of the sprawling Eagle Ford Shale acreage, Chesapeake Energy Corp. on January 18 concluded an agreement to trade its Brazos Valley region assets to WildFire Energy I LLC for $1.425 billion.

On January 6, Phillips 66 announced that it plans to acquire more than 43% of DCP Midstream LP for $3.8 billion, expanding the business in the oil & gas business.

On January 5 Northern Oil & Gas (NOG) concluded a deal to acquire working interests in Midland-Petro D.C. Partners LLC (MPDC)'s Mascot Project in the Midland Basin, according to a January 9 press release. Firstly estimated at $330 million in cash, the deal was signed with an additional 3.25% working interest added to the 36.7% agreed upon when the transaction was announced on October 19. NOG paid $29 million more for the additional interests, which now totalled 39.958%. Finally, the deal closed for $320 million in cash and $43 million in debt at signing in October with the finance of Minnetonka, Minn.-based NOG with cash on hand, operating free cash flow, and assistance from its revolving credit facility.

Talos Energy Inc. is closing its $1.1 billion purchase of private operator EnVen Energy. A special meeting for Talos’ stockholders to vote on the deal and other matters is set on February 8, according to a prospectus filed on January 11 with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Shareholders are being asked to approve the EnVen merger, which as the company considered in September would raise its Gulf of Mexico production up to 40%. According to a January 11 press release, Talos asserted that it anticipates closing the transaction soon after the meeting. Talos Energy Inc. supposes that adding EnVen would double its operated deepwater facility footprint, extending key infrastructure in existing Talos operating areas. More than 80% of the combined assets will be deepwater, with the company operating more than 75% of the acreage it holds interests in. Talos is one of the largest independent operators in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico, with production operations, prospects, leases, and seismic databases spanning the basin in both Deep Water and Shallow Water. The company aims to actively grow through a balanced focus on asset optimization, development, and exploration while also seeking to add to its portfolio through acquisitions and business development.

On January 3, Targa Resources Corp asserted that it is purchasing the remaining stake for $1.05 billion in cash from BlackstoneInc's energy unit in its Grand Prix NGL Pipeline that it does not already own. Targa, which is going to acquire a 25% stake from Blackstone Energy Partners, purchased 75% interest in the pipeline last year when it repurchased interests in its development company joint ventures from investment firm Stonepeak Partners LP for almost $925 million. The Stonepeak agreement also included 100% interest in its Train 6 fractionator in Mont Belvieu, Texas, and a 25% equity interest in the Gulf Coast Express Pipeline. Grand Prix has the capacity to transfer up to 1 MMbbl/d of NGL to the NGL market hub at Mont Belvieu. The same day Targa maintained the price of the Blackstone Energy Partners agreement, which is anticipated closing in the first quarter of 2023, representing roughly 8.75 times Grand Prix's valued 2023 adjusted EBITDA multiple.

On January 3, U.S. natural gas producer Rockcliff Energy from private equity firm Quantum Energy Partners was set to be sold to a unit of Tokyo Gas Co. Ltd. for roughly $4.6 billion, including debt. The all-cash agreement with Houston-based TG Natural Resources, which is 70% possessed by the Japanese energy firm, is decided to be claimed this month, according to anonymous resources, as the discussions were requested to be confidential. Castleton Commodities International (CCI) owns the rest of TG Natural Resources.

According to the company’s press release on December 19, Northern Oil and Gas Inc. (NOG) closed its announced deal with a private seller of non-operated interests in the Northern Delaware Basin for $131.6 million in cash. The acquisition was announced with a $13 million deposit in October and is the third Permian Basin acquisition since August, adding to NOG’s $400 million of Permian Basin acquisitions in 2022. The assets of 2,100 net acres are primarily operated by a private company Mewbourne Oil Co., with production anticipated to total almost 2,500 boe/d in 2023. Also, Coterra Energy Inc. and Permian Resource Corp. are operators of the assets. The assets contain high-quality, low breakeven development that is leveraged to some of NOG’s top operating partners, as our investors have come to expect.

After reaching record-high production in 2021, the Haynesville Shale seemed to have a quiet 2022, with a smattering of deal activity and attention seemingly focused more on LNG exports than production. Meanwhile, the indications are that the third-largest producing gas shale in the U.S. is growing up for a robust 2023 if commodity prices stand still. Top basin performers Chesapeake Energy, Southwestern Energy, Comstock Resources, Aethon Energy, and Rockcliff Energy II produced a combined total of 1.53 MMboe/d, 83 bbl/d of oil, and 9.2 Bcf/d of gas in the first half of 2022.

Marathon Oil Corp. closes the acquisition of Ensign Natural Resources’ Eagle Ford assets for $3 billion cash, according to the company’s release on December 27. The purchase includes 130,000 net acres (99% operated, 97% working interest) in acreage adjacent to Marathon Oil’s existing Eagle Ford position. Ensign’s estimated fourth-quarter production will average 67,000 net boe/d, including 22,000 net bbl/d of oil.

On December 15, Pipeline giant Williams made a deal to purchase MountainWest Pipelines Holding Co. from Southwest Gas Holdings Inc. for almost $1.5 billion including debt. Williams is paying $1.07 billion in cash and assuming $0.43 billion of debt to buy MountainWest, which comprises approximately 2,000 miles of interstate natural gas pipeline systems mainly situated across Utah, Wyoming, and Colorado.

The year 2022 brought new opportunities to the U.S. economy in different domains that were not perfectly developed. Oil and natural gas production facilitated economic growth, especially in the Permian Basin.

On December 9, Crescent Point Energy Corp. announced a purchase and sale agreement to develop its core Kaybob Duvernay assets, which will bolt on production, the midstream infrastructure and technical data. With the deal, the company has committed more than US $1 billion to the play. Crescent Point, the Alberta-based company, is purchasing almost 65,000 net acres from Paramount Resources Ltd. for CA $375 (US $274 million) cash. The assets estimate more than 4,000 boe/d, 50% liquids, and include a gas plant, associated pipelines, water infrastructure, and seismic data. The acquired asset’s production consists of 35% condensate, 15% NGL, and 50% shale gas.

Recent acquisitions totaling $305 million in cash bring Summit Midstream the opportunity to build up its Denver-Julesburg basin assets. Its subsidiary, Summit Midstream Holdings, concluded a deal to purchase Outrigger DJ Midstream from Outrigger Energy II and Sterling Energy Investments, Grasslands Energy Marketing, and Centennial Water Pipelines from Sterling Investment Holdings. Weld County-based Outrigger’s assets in Colorado are significant as they include a 60 MMcfd cryogenic natural gas processing plant, almost 70 miles of low-pressure natural gas gathering lines, 90 miles of high-pressure natural gas gathering lines, 12,800 horsepower of field and plant compression, and roughly 30 miles of crude oil gathering pipelines.

On November 16 Diamondback Energy Inc. decided to expand in the Midland portion of the Permian Basin with the acquisition of Lario Permian LLC in a $1.55 billion cash-and-stock transaction. The Permian operator announced another billion-dollar agreement to purchase FireBird Energy LLC, a private Midland Basin operator. In total, Diamondback is paying almost $3.3 billion to extend in the Midland Basin. When combined with the pending FireBird acquisition, Diamondback is increasing its Midland Basin footprint by roughly 83,000 net acres, is adding 500 high-quality drilling opportunities that compete for capital with the current development plan and is raising the 2023 production profile by almost 37,000 bbl/d of oil (50,000 boe/d).

2022 is almost over. Full of global uncertainty, it brought a lot of disturbance to the energy markets. It is a good opportunity to say that again and again we are proud of the U.S. energy industry. Despite all odds, this sector has shown remarkable growth in the past years. In the past decade, the industry twice faced dramatic price collapses and successfully navigated between global oversupply and insufficient demand situations. Even the unprecedented pandemic market disruption did not undermine the strengths and perspectives of the U.S. industry players. As of today, we enjoy historical production at its highest. More than 850 thousand wells are delivering steady production to domestic and foreign customers. More than 14,600 approved permits are soon to start producing. At Rextag, we track and analyze petroleum production data. If you want to explore production trends by basin, formation, operator, etc., learn more about our services here

Northern Oil and Gas Inc. (NOG) made a $330 million purchase in the Permian Basin, according to the release on October 19. NOG revealed an agreement to purchase a 36.7% working interest in the Mascot Project from Midland-Petro D.C. Partners LLC (MDPC). The acquisition will be funded with cash on hand, operating free cash flow, and borrowings. The Mascot Project is operated by Permian Deep Rock Oil Co., an affiliate of MPDC, which is a David H. Arrington-owned business based in Midland, Texas. NOG anticipates that the production from the acquired properties to average almost 4,400 boe/d in the first quarter of 2023 and 6,450 boe/d for the full-year 2023 (2-stream, about 80% oil).

On November 2, Cardinal Midstream Partners, an independent Dallas-based midstream energy company, concluded definitive agreements with Medallion Midstream Services to purchase Medallion’s natural gas gathering and processing business in the Delaware Basin in West Texas. The transaction is subject to customary closing conditions and is expected to close in early 2023.

On October 19, Shell USA completed the almost $1.96 billion acquisition of the master limited partnership. The company paid $15.85 in cash for every common unit representing limited partner interests in SHLX not held by Shell USA or its affiliates. A subsidiary of Shell USA has 269,457,304 SHLX common units or roughly 68.5% of SHLX common units.

A $3.0 billion cash definitive agreement to purchase the Eagle Ford assets of Ensign Natural Resources has been concluded by Marathon Oil Corporation on November 2.

Recent acquisitions totaling $305 million in cash bring Summit Midstream the opportunity to build up its Denver-Julesburg basin assets. Its subsidiary, Summit Midstream Holdings, concluded a deal to purchase Outrigger DJ Midstream from Outrigger Energy II and Sterling Energy Investments, Grasslands Energy Marketing, and Centennial Water Pipelines from Sterling Investment Holdings. Weld County-based Outrigger’s assets in Colorado are significant as they include a 60 MMcfd cryogenic natural gas processing plant, almost 70 miles of low-pressure natural gas gathering lines, 90 miles of high-pressure natural gas gathering lines, 12,800 horsepower of field and plant compression, and roughly 30 miles of crude oil gathering pipelines. The gathering agreements for Outrigger DJ system are comprised of long-term, fee-based contracts with a weighted average term of over 10 years. Volume throughput on the Outrigger DJ system is underpinned by acreage dedications, with a valued 310,000 leased acres from its key customers, including Mallard Exploration and other producers in the region. Moreover, the Sterling DJ assets, in Weld, Morgan, and Logan Counties, Colorado, and Cheyenne County, Nebraska, have three cryogenic processing plants with a nameplate capacity of 100 MMcfd, some 450 miles of natural gas gathering lines, 8,500 horsepower of field compression, freshwater rights, and 40 miles of subsurface freshwater delivery infrastructure.

Continental ResourcesInc. agreed to be purchased by its founder, Harold G. Hamm, in a $4.3 billion cash deal that would take the U.S. shale giant private. On October 17 Continental, based in Oklahoma City, concluded an agreement to be acquired by Omega AcquisitionInc., an entity owned by Hamm, for $74.28 per share. The offer price denotes a 15% premium to the closing price on June 13 — the day before Hamm’s family revealed their initial $70 per share proposal. Even with the proposed incremental leverage from the buyout, CLR would be almost 0.6x leveraged in 2023, and expected FCF, even before assuming reduced costs from going private (else dividend), would have the term loan repaid in about 1.5 years. As a private company, Continental should have greater freedom to operate, particularly in areas such as exploration. Being a chairman of Continental Resources, Hamm and his family own 83% of the company’s stock. Based on the shares outstanding as of October 12, the tender offer would be for almost 58 million shares of common stock, according to the Continental release. The tender offer values Continental at roughly $27 billion. The offer price is slightly under Siebert Williams Shank & Co. LLC’s $75 price target and compares to the consensus price target of $72.86 on FactSet and $71.73 on Bloomberg.

Vermont Business Magazine HQI US Holding LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Hydro-Québec, concluded the agreement to purchase Great River Hydro, LLC, which possesses 13 hydropower generating stations with a total capacity of 589 megawatts along New England's Connecticut and Deerfield rivers in Vermont, New Hampshire and Massachusetts. The affiliates of Arc Light Capital Partners, LLC is selling Great River Hydro for a price of roughly US $2 billion. The facilities are situated along the Connecticut and Deerfield rivers. Hydro-Québec is the largest single supplier of electricity to Vermont, comparing to the closed Vermont Yankee nuclear power station in Vernon which produces 620 megawatts. Great River Hydro has A 589-MW hydropower fleet, 13 cascading generating stations and 3 storage-only reservoirs along some 310 miles (500 km) of the Connecticut and Deerfield rivers. Moreover, its annually supply has enough energy to power over 213,000 homes in New England. One fifth of the energy generated is subject to long-term supply contracts, guaranteeing revenue stability. Land holdings of almost 30,000 acres (12,140 hectares), allowing for the possibility of various renewable energy projects.

FireBird Energy LLC, a private Midland Basin operator backed by RedBird Capital Partners and Ontario Teachers’ Pension Plan, purchases Diamondback Energy Inc. in a cash-and-stock transaction estimated at almost $1.6 billion, according to a company release on Oct. 11. Moreover, Diamondback also unveiled an aim to sell not less than $500 million of noncore assets by year-end 2023, with proceeds earmarked for further debt reduction, to support the Midland, Texas-based company’s pledge to reward shareholders.

Kinder Morgan Inc. decided to sell half of its 51% interest in an LNG facility in Georgia on September 27 with proceeds allocated by the Houston-based company to pay short-term debt and buy back shares. As it is acknowledged, an undisclosed financial buyer purchases the 25.5% equity interest in Elba Liquefaction Co. LLC (ELC) for approximately $565 million. ELC is a joint venture (JV) established in 2017 to build and own the Elba liquefaction facility situated on #Elba Island in Chatham County, Georgia. After completion, Kinder Morgan and the undisclosed financial buyer will each hold a 25.5% stake in ELC. Meanwhile, Blackstone Credit will continue to hold a 49% interest. The value of the equity interest considers an enterprise value of almost $2.3 billion for ELC, which is about 13 times 2022E EBITDA. The transaction has an economic effective date of July 1. The Elba liquefaction facility has 10 modular liquefaction units for a total capacity of roughly 2.5 million tonnes per year of LNG. Kinder Morgan considers it equivalent to almost 350 MMcf/d of natural gas.

Steel Reef acquires Summit Midstream’s Bison Gas gathering system in North Dakota for $40 million in cash as part of Houston-based Summit’s plans to streamline its portfolio. According to a release on September 19, with the sale of Bison Midstream, Summit’s focus in the Williston Basin will be on increasing its crude oil and produced water gathering systems mainly situated in Williams and Divide Counties, North Dakota. The Bison agreement follows the sale of Summit’s Lane gathering and processing system in the #PermianBasin to Matador Resources Co. in June for $75 million. The merger of the divestitures creates additional financial flexibility to reinvest in more strategic scale-building opportunities across Summit’s footprint. Summit Midstream is interested in the status of customer development activity in central Williams County and pro forma for the transaction and anticipates over 50 new wells behind our liquids system in 2023. Pro forma for the Bison transaction, Summit will have about $90 million drawn on its $400 million ABL credit facility, resulting in over $300 million of available liquidity, according to Deneke. The company continues to anticipate to trend toward the high end of our 2022 Adjusted EBITDA guidance range of $205 million to $220 million.

Talos Energy Inc. is acquiring EnVen Energy Corp. for $1.1 billion to raise Talos’ Gulf of Mexico production by 40%. The purchase of EnVen, a private operator, increases Talos' operated deepwater facility footprint 2 times, expanding key infrastructure in existing Talos operating areas. Almost 80% of the assets will be deepwater, with Talos operating more than 75% of the acreage it holds interests in. During a conference call on September 22, it was announced that the EnVen purchase “just checks a lot of boxes” in terms of scale, assets, similar strategies, and what Talos is doing from a technology standpoint. EnVen holds 78 MMboe of 2P reserves and 420,000 gross acres in the Gulf of Mexico. The deal also includes about 24,000 boe/d to Talos’ production stream. Consideration for the transaction consists of 43.8 million Talos shares and $212.5 million in cash, plus the assumption of EnVen's net debt upon closing, currently valued to be $50 million at year-end 2022.

Antero Midstream Corp. bought Marcellus assets of Crestwood Equity Partners LP on September 12 for $205 million in cash, signing another sale of noncore assets by the Houston-based company. Crestwood has strategically enhanced its asset portfolio through a series of A&D transactions for the previous 18 months to create a competitive scale in the Williston, Delaware, and Power River basins. The strategy covered acquisitions of Oasis Midstream Partners, Sendero Midstream, and Crestwood Permian Basin Holdings LLC (CPJV), which was a 50:50 joint venture of Crestwood and First Reserve. The assets to be bought cover 72 miles of dry gas gathering pipelines and nine compressor stations with about 700 MMcf/d of compression capacity. The current throughput on the system is approximately 200 MMcf/d, resulting in important available capacity for increase without major capital investment. The deal includes almost 425 undeveloped drilling locations and 120,000 gross dedicated acres from Antero Resources mainly in Harrison County. The acquisition is also anticipated to raise Antero Midstream’s compression capacity by 20% and gathering pipeline mileage by 15%.

Houston-based company Momentum Midstream LLC on September 22 purchased Midcoast Energy LLC’s East Texas business from an affiliate of Arc Light Capital Partners LLC and Align Midstream LLC from Tailwater Capital and claimed that it establishes a leading presence in the Haynesville Shale. New Generation Gas Gathering or NG3 project will collect natural gas produced in the Haynesville Shale for re-delivery to premium Gulf Coast markets, including LNG export. Moreover, the NG3 project includes a carbon capture and sequestration component that will eliminate 100% of the CO₂ and accumulate it underground for a long time, creating a net negative carbon footprint. With the combined assets of Midcoast ETX and Align Midstream, Momentum is currently delivering volumes of more than 2 Bcf/d for a diverse customer base composed of producers, utilities, end-users, and LNG exporters. Momentum’s footprint in the Haynesville includes about 3,000 miles of gathering pipelines, 1.5 Bcf/d of treating capacity, 700 MMcf/d of processing capacity, 200,000 HP of compression, and 820 miles of pipelines transporting gas to the Gulf Coast markets in southeast Texas and the Carthage and Bethel markets in East Texas.

Spanish energy group Repsol is putting a 25% stake in its oil and gas exploration division on the market. U.S. fund EIG purchases it for $4.8 billion and builds up a war chest for renewables projects due to the transition of the energy industry to a lower-carbon future. As Reuters reported earlier this year, the deal values the whole business at $19 billion including debt, and may conduct a U.S. stock market listing of a stake in the unit after 2026, according to Repsol’s statement. The process commenced with an unsolicited offer from EIG, Reuters said in June, increasing Repsol's shares to a 14-year high. Moreover, shares grew up after an announcement on September 7 before declining 1.8% by 7:46 GMT. Nevertheless, they outperformed the European oil and gas index, which was down 2.3%.

There was a huge uptick in drilling DUCs in April 2022, which continues to grow for more than 430, meanwhile, the number of completions is on the same level (about 200) but insignificantly declines.

It is important to notice that the number of drillings trended in June and fell in August 2022 and gradually decrease over the last 6 weeks.

On August 31 Ring Energy Inc. purchased privately-held Stronghold Energy, adding operations that are mainly situated in Crane County, Texas, in the Permian Basin’s Central Basin Platform. According to a September 1 Ring Energy release, this transaction fully complements the conventional-focused Central Basin Platform and Northwest Shelf asset positions in the Permian Basin. The majority owned by Warburg Pincus LLC, Stronghold’s operations are concentrated on the development of about 37,000 net acres situated mainly in Crane County. In July Ring Energy entered into an agreement to buy Stronghold Energy II Operating LLC and Stronghold Energy II Royalties LP for $200 million in cash at closing and $230 million in Ring equity based on a 20-day volume weighted average price. Consideration also involved a $15 million deferred cash payment due six months after closing and $20 million of existing Stronghold hedge liability increasing the total transaction value to $465 million. Stronghold’s asset base is almost 99% operated, 99% working interest, and 99% HBP. In July, Ring announced the current net production of Stronghold’s asset base was approximately 9,100 boe/d (54% oil, 75% liquids).

Shareholder’s payout target was increased by 50% after the largest U.S. independent oil producer surpassed Wall Street’s earnings estimates on growing energy prices, said Houston-based Conoco Phillips Co. on Aug. 4. Due to Western sanctions on major producer Russia throttling energy supply amid a rebound in demand from pandemic lows, oil and gas #prices have soared. Crude has been trading more than 25% higher since the start of the year and results also benefited from high natural gas prices. Meanwhile, shares were down a fraction, to $91.03, in early trading but are up about 26% year to date. Conoco Phillips stated, that the average price obtained for a barrel of oil and gas accelerated 77% from a year earlier to $88.57. The company acknowledges that it has not hedged any of its oil and gas sales to make the most of higher market prices. The capacity of 1.69 million boe/d was in line with Wall Street estimates, however, the company expected the current quarter’s output would be between 1.71 million and 1.76 million boe/d.